In 1857, von Seidel decomposed the first order monochromatic the five Seidel Aberrations.
2.
In the nineteenth century, opticians dug to the level of the Seidel aberrations, called mathematically the third-order aberrations, to reach basic anastigmatic correction.
3.
The first Seidel aberration, Spherical Aberration, is independent of the position of the exit pupil ( as it is the same for axial and extra-axial pencils ).
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